HTML5 Canvas Cookbook
HTML5 Canvas Cookbook is a new publication from Packt publishing that discusses in details the new drawing functionalities the html5 canvas element makes available; in the last weeks I’ve been looking at this book in more details and since it’s been a quite useful learning experience I wanted to mention it here too.
The book (which is available online here )is simple and well organized; it spends quite a bit of time on both introductory topics and more advanced ones, so it’ll probably fit both the beginner and the more experienced programmer.
Here’s a list of the chapters available:
CHAPTER 1: GETTING STARTED WITH PATHS AND TEXT Introduction Drawing a line Drawing an arc Drawing a Quadratic curve Drawing a Bezier curve Drawing a zigzag Drawing a spiral Working with text Drawing 3D text with shadows Unlocking the power of fractals: Drawing a haunted tree CHAPTER 2: SHAPE DRAWING AND COMPOSITES Introduction Drawing a rectangle Drawing a circle Working with custom shapes and fill styles Fun with Bezier curves: drawing a cloud Drawing transparent shapes Working with the context state stack to save and restore styles Working with composite operations Creating patterns with loops: drawing a gear Randomizing shape properties: drawing a field of flowers Creating custom shape functions: playing card suits Putting it all together: drawing a jet CHAPTER 3: WORKING WITH IMAGES AND VIDEOS Introduction Drawing an image Cropping an image Copying and pasting sections of the canvas Working with video Getting image data Introduction to pixel manipulation: inverting image colors Inverting video colors Converting image colors to grayscale Converting a canvas drawing into a data URL Saving a canvas drawing as an image Loading the canvas with a data URL Creating a pixelated image focus CHAPTER 4: MASTERING TRANSFORMATIONS Introduction Translating the canvas context Rotating the canvas context Scaling the canvas context Creating a mirror transform Creating a custom transform Shearing the canvas context Handling multiple transforms with the state stack Transforming a circle into an oval Rotating an image Drawing a simple logo and randomizing its position, rotation, and scale CHAPTER 5: BRINGING THE CANVAS TO LIFE WITH ANIMATION Introduction Creating an Animation class Creating a linear motion Creating acceleration Creating oscillation Oscillating a bubble Swinging a pendulum Animating mechanical gears Animating a clock Simulating particle physics Creating microscopic life forms Stressing the canvas and displaying the FPS CHAPTER 6: INTERACTING WITH THE CANVAS: ATTACHING EVENT LISTENERS TO SHAPES AND REGIONS Introduction Creating an Events Class Working With Canvas Mouse Coordinates Attaching Mouse Event Listeners to Regions Attaching Touch Event Listeners to Regions on a Mobile Device Attaching Event Listeners to Images Dragging-And-Dropping Shapes Dragging-And-Dropping Images Creating an Image Magnifier Creating a Drawing Application CHAPTER 7: CREATING GRAPHS AND CHARTS Introduction Creating a pie chart Creating a bar chart Graphing equations Plotting data points with a line chart CHAPTER 8: SAVING THE WORLD WITH GAME DEVELOPMENT Introduction Creating sprite sheets for the heroes and enemies Creating level images and boundary maps Creating an Actor class for the hero and enemies Creating a Level class Creating a Health Bar class Creating a Controller class Creating a Model class Creating a View class Setting up the HTML document and starting the game CHAPTER 9: INTRODUCING WEBGL Introduction Creating a WebGL wrapper to simplify the WebGL API Creating a triangular plane Rotating a triangular plane in 3D space Creating a rotating cube Adding textures and lighting Creating a 3D world that you can explore
The last chapters about animations and game developments are probably the most interesting ones, especially they all include detailed walk-through of the techniques discussed. Here’s for example an example from Chapter 5, ‘Oscillating a bubble’:
[inline]
[script type=”text/javascript”]
var Animation = function(canvasId){
this.canvas = document.getElementById(canvasId);
this.context = this.canvas.getContext(“2d”);
this.t = 0;
this.timeInterval = 0;
this.startTime = 0;
this.lastTime = 0;
this.frame = 0;
this.animating = false;
// provided by Paul Irish
window.requestAnimFrame = (function(callback){
return window.requestAnimationFrame ||
window.webkitRequestAnimationFrame ||
window.mozRequestAnimationFrame ||
window.oRequestAnimationFrame ||
window.msRequestAnimationFrame ||
function(callback){
window.setTimeout(callback, 1000 / 60);
};
})();
};
Animation.prototype.getContext = function(){
return this.context;
};
Animation.prototype.getCanvas = function(){
return this.canvas;
};
Animation.prototype.clear = function(){
this.context.clearRect(0, 0, this.canvas.width, this.canvas.height);
};
Animation.prototype.setDrawStage = function(func){
this.drawStage = func;
};
Animation.prototype.isAnimating = function(){
return this.animating;
};
Animation.prototype.getFrame = function(){
return this.frame;
};
Animation.prototype.start = function(){
this.animating = true;
var date = new Date();
this.startTime = date.getTime();
this.lastTime = this.startTime;
if (this.drawStage !== undefined) {
this.drawStage();
}
this.animationLoop();
};
Animation.prototype.stop = function(){
this.animating = false;
};
Animation.prototype.getTimeInterval = function(){
return this.timeInterval;
};
Animation.prototype.getTime = function(){
return this.t;
};
Animation.prototype.getFps = function(){
return this.timeInterval > 0 ? 1000 / this.timeInterval : 0;
};
Animation.prototype.animationLoop = function(){
var that = this;
this.frame++;
var date = new Date();
var thisTime = date.getTime();
this.timeInterval = thisTime – this.lastTime;
this.t += this.timeInterval;
this.lastTime = thisTime;
if (this.drawStage !== undefined) {
this.drawStage();
}
if (this.animating) {
requestAnimFrame(function(){
that.animationLoop();
});
}
};
window.onload = function(){
// instantiate new animation object
var anim = new Animation(“myCanvas”);
var context = anim.getContext();
var canvas = anim.getCanvas();
anim.setDrawStage(function(){
// update
var widthScale = Math.sin(this.getTime() / 200) * 0.1 + 0.9;
var heightScale = -1 * Math.sin(this.getTime() / 200) * 0.1 + 0.9;
// clear
this.clear();
//draw
context.beginPath();
context.save();
context.translate(canvas.width / 2, canvas.height / 2);
context.scale(widthScale, heightScale);
context.arc(0, 0, 65, 0, 2 * Math.PI, false);
context.restore();
context.fillStyle = “#8ED6FF”;
context.fill();
context.lineWidth = 2;
context.strokeStyle = “#555”;
context.stroke();
context.beginPath();
context.save();
context.translate(canvas.width / 2, canvas.height / 2);
context.scale(widthScale, heightScale);
context.arc(-30, -30, 15, 0, 2 * Math.PI, false);
context.restore();
context.fillStyle = “white”;
context.fill();
});
anim.start();
};
[/script]
[/inline]
In a nutshell, this is what is going on (note that the ‘animation’ library is discussed in a previous chapter of the book):
<script src="animation.js"></script> <script> window.onload = function(){ // instantiate new animation object var anim = new Animation("myCanvas"); var context = anim.getContext(); var canvas = anim.getCanvas(); anim.setDrawStage(function(){ // update var widthScale = Math.sin(this.getTime() / 200) * 0.1 + 0.9; var heightScale = -1 * Math.sin(this.getTime() / 200) * 0.1 + 0.9; // clear this.clear(); //draw context.beginPath(); context.save(); context.translate(canvas.width / 2, canvas.height / 2); context.scale(widthScale, heightScale); context.arc(0, 0, 65, 0, 2 * Math.PI, false); context.restore(); context.fillStyle = "#8ED6FF"; context.fill(); context.lineWidth = 2; context.strokeStyle = "#555"; context.stroke(); context.beginPath(); context.save(); context.translate(canvas.width / 2, canvas.height / 2); context.scale(widthScale, heightScale); context.arc(-30, -30, 15, 0, 2 * Math.PI, false); context.restore(); context.fillStyle = "white"; context.fill(); }); anim.start(); }; </script>
All in all, a book definitely worth reading!
